Analysis & Export Tools
The 3D Simulation includes powerful tools for generating reports, exporting data, and validating measurements against IAU reference values.
All values are measured, not calculated from formulas. Every value produced by these analysis tools β year lengths, day lengths, precession periods, orbital parameters β is measured directly from the running 3D simulation using objective functions (e.g., detecting equinox crossings, perihelion passages, stellar reference alignments). No analytical formula is used to produce these outputs.
Measurements come first, formulas second. The analytical formulas on the Formulas page were derived from these simulation measurements β not the other way around. The 3D model produces the raw data; the analytical formulas were then derived to reproduce that data. This means the analysis tools provide an independent check on the modelβs geometric framework.
Validated against 623 historical observations. The simulation has been tested against 623 independently recorded astronomical events spanning approximately 2000 BC to 4000 AD β including solstice and equinox dates, perihelion passages, and eclipse timings. Each entry has accuracy standards that vary by epoch: Β±1 day for ancient observations, Β±1 hour for medieval records, and Β±1 minute for modern measurements. See the verification data referenceΒ on GitHub for the full dataset.
The simulation source code is openly available on GitHubΒ . Readers are invited to inspect how each measurement is implemented.
Location in the UI
Analysis tools are spread across two Tweakpane folders:
Reports
βββ Planet Positions & Orbits (export RA/Dec, distances at specific Julian dates)
βββ Solstices & Equinoxes (export solstice/equinox dates with RA and obliquity)
βββ Year Length Analysis (export tropical, anomalistic, sidereal year lengths)
Tools
βββ Planet Inspector (interactive 5-step orbital hierarchy modal)
βββ Eccentricity Balance Scale (Law 5 balance visualization per planet)
βββ Invariable Plane Inspector (Fibonacci d-value and phase group balance explorer)
βββ Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H integer divisor table for all planets Γ 6 cycles)
βββ WebGeoCalc Explorer (observed perihelion-precession history per planet, 1800β2100)
βββ Formula Verification (model vs published celestial-mechanics formulas, Β±12,000 years)
βββ Console Tests (F12)
βββ Year Length (6 tests)
βββ Day Length (3 tests)
βββ Calibration (4 tests)Planet Inspector
An interactive 5-step modal that walks through the orbital hierarchy of any planet. Access it via Tools > Planet Inspector.
What it shows
| Step | Contents |
|---|---|
| 1 | Planet selection and overview (mass, diameter, orbital period) |
| 2 | Hierarchy breakdown β every container from scene root to planet mesh, with live rotation/position values |
| 3 | Orbital elements β eccentricity, inclination, ascending node, argument of perihelion |
| 4 | Live RA/Dec, distances (Earthβplanet, Sunβplanet), and anomalies |
| 5 | Position Reports β download Excel or copy data for configured test dates per planet |
The Position Report (Step 5) exports the planetβs measured positions at a set of reference dates defined in the source code (PLANET_TEST_DATES). This is useful for comparing the simulation against ephemeris data.
All values shown in the Planet Inspector are live β they update as the simulation runs. Pause the simulation first if you need stable readings.
Eccentricity Balance Scale
An interactive visualization showing how planetary eccentricities form a physical balance system (Law 5). Access it via Tools > Eccentricity Balance Scale.
What it shows
For a selected target planet, the tool computes how the other 7 planetsβ eccentricities collectively balance its base eccentricity. Each planetβs contribution is determined by:
where is mass, is Fibonacci divisor, and is semi-major axis.
| Element | Description |
|---|---|
| Waterfall SVG | Green bars (positive push) and red bars (negative pull) showing each planetβs contribution |
| Buildup table | Mass, d, offset (AU), weight, contribution, and share (%) per planet |
| Planet navigation | Full-width nav bar with dropdown and left/right arrows |
Key insights visible in the tool
- Saturn (sole anti-phase member) sits alone on one side; the other 7 planets (in-phase group) balance it
- Jupiterβs weight β 1 for Saturn: mass advantage (3.3Γ) cancelled by Fibonacci (0.6Γ) and distance (0.55Γ)
- Inner planet eccentricities are tiny residuals of enormous gas giant tug-of-war (Earth: Saturn pushes +15 AU, other giants pull back β15 AU, residual = 0.015 AU)
- Venus has the most complete cancellation: gas giants balance to 99.99%
The balance uses base eccentricities β the long-term mean values around which each planetβs eccentricity oscillates. These differ from J2000 values (e.g., Earth: base = 0.015386 vs J2000 = 0.01671022).
Year Analysis Report
Generates a comprehensive Excel file with year-by-year astronomical measurements, all derived from the running 3D simulation.
Controls
| Control | Description |
|---|---|
| Mode | Range or List - how years are specified |
| Year list (CSV) | Comma-separated years (List mode) |
| Start year | First year (Range mode) |
| End year | Last year (Range mode) |
| Create file | Trigger report generation |
Output Sheets
The exported Excel file contains 5 sheets:
| Sheet | Contents |
|---|---|
| Summary | Orbital parameters, tropical/sidereal/anomalistic year comparisons with IAU references |
| Cardinal Points | Year-by-year Julian Day data for VE, SS, AE, WS |
| Anomalistic | Perihelion and aphelion dates and distances |
| Sidereal | Sidereal year crossings |
| Detailed | All measurements combined per year |
Use Cases
- Validate model accuracy against IAU J2000 values
- Analyze year length variations over time
- Study tropical vs sidereal year relationships
- Verify precession measurements
Performance note: Large year ranges can take several minutes. Progress updates appear in the console (F12).
Solstice File Export
Exports June solstice data for a range of years.
| Control | Description |
|---|---|
| Mode | Range or List |
| Start/End year | Year range (Range mode) |
| Year list (CSV) | Specific years (List mode) |
| Create file | Trigger export |
Output columns: For each year, the Excel file contains:
| Column | Description |
|---|---|
| Year | Calendar year |
| June Solstice JD | Julian Day of the measured June solstice |
| Obliquity (Β°) | Measured axial tilt at the solstice moment |
| Sun RA | Right Ascension of the Sun at solstice |
| Sun Dec | Declination of the Sun at solstice |
All values are measured from the 3D scene β the simulation fast-forwards to each solstice and reads the geometry.
Object File Export
Exports measured planet positions from the simulation at specified Julian Days.
| Control | Description |
|---|---|
| Mode | Range or List |
| Start/End JD | Julian Day range (Range mode), with number of sample points |
| JD list (CSV) | Specific Julian Days (List mode) |
| Create file | Trigger export |
Output columns: For each Julian Day and each planet, the Excel file contains:
| Column | Description |
|---|---|
| Julian Day | The epoch |
| RA | Right Ascension (measured from 3D scene) |
| Dec | Declination (measured from 3D scene) |
| Distance (AU) | Earth-to-planet distance |
| Sun Distance (AU) | Sun-to-planet distance |
This is useful for comparing the simulationβs geocentric positions against JPL Horizons or other ephemeris services.
Console Tests (F12)
Runs detailed astronomical validation tests with output to the browserβs Developer Console.
Setup
- Open Developer Tools (F12)
- Open Tools > Console Tests (F12)
- Set the year range
- Click a test button
Available Tests
Year Length Analysis
| Test | Description |
|---|---|
| Analyze Year at June Solstice | Measures tropical year length at June solstice |
| Analyze Year at December Solstice | Measures tropical year length at December solstice |
| Analyze Year Length by Cardinal | Measures all 4 cardinal points |
| Analyze Anomalistic Year | Measures perihelion-to-perihelion interval |
| Analyze Sidereal Year | Measures Sunβs return to same stellar position |
| Analyze All Alignments | Combined measurement analysis |
Day Length Analysis
| Test | Description |
|---|---|
| Analyze Sidereal Day | Measures Earthβs rotation period relative to stars |
| Analyze Solar Day | Measures Earthβs rotation period relative to Sun |
| Analyze Stellar Day | Measures Earthβs rotation period relative to distant stars |
Parameter Verification
| Test | Description |
|---|---|
| Verify Obliquity Calibration | Tests whether earthtiltMean and earthRAAngle produce the correct obliquity at J2000 |
| Verify Perihelion Rate | Validates the measured perihelion precession rate against the expected H/16 period |
| Investigate Parameters | Sensitivity analysis β shows how small changes to model constants affect outputs |
| Find Optimal earthRAAngle | Optimization algorithm that searches for the earthRAAngle value producing the best match to observed precession rates |
Example Output
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
TROPICAL YEAR ANALYSIS (VERNAL EQUINOX)
ββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
Year range: 2000 to 2025
Year VE Julian Day Interval (days) IAU Ref (days) Diff (seconds)
βββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββββ
2001 2451991.234567 365.242374 365.242374 +0.12
2002 2452356.477891 365.243324 365.242374 +82.15
SUMMARY:
Mean tropical year: 365.242374 days
IAU J2000 reference: 365.242374 days
Difference: +0.05 seconds
Status: β PASS (within Β±1 second tolerance)Invariable Plane Validation
This validation shows whether the simulationβs invariable plane matches the reference orientation from Souami & Souchay (2012).
Read-only displays:
| Metric | Expected value |
|---|---|
| Calculated Tilt | 1.57869Β° (Souami & Souchay 2012) |
| Calculated Ascending Node | ~107.582Β° |
| Jupiter Angular Momentum | 58β62% |
| Saturn Angular Momentum | 23β26% |
| A vs B Difference | < 0.5Β° |
The panel also shows the current height above or below the invariable plane (in AU) for each of the 8 major planets.
Balance Trend Tracking
Tracks the invariable plane balance over time as the simulation runs.
| Control | Description |
|---|---|
| Start Tracking | Begin recording mass-weighted balance samples each frame |
| Stop Tracking | Pause recording |
| Reset Tracking | Clear all samples (use after jumping to a new date) |
Live metrics displayed:
| Metric | Description |
|---|---|
| Years Tracked | Duration of tracking window |
| Sample Count | Number of recorded samples |
| Cumulative Sum | Running total of mass-weighted balance |
| Lifetime Avg (AU) | Should converge toward ~0 over 165+ years (one full Neptune orbit) |
| Min / Max Seen (AU) | Extremes during tracking |
The Lifetime Average is the key validation metric β if the invariable plane is correctly positioned, the mass-weighted deviations should cancel out over a full outer-planet cycle.
Invariable Plane Balance Explorer
An interactive modal for testing planetary phase group assignments and Fibonacci divisors against the Fibonacci Laws of Planetary Motion. It provides instant visual feedback on whether a given configuration satisfies the inclination balance (Law 3), eccentricity balance (Law 5), and fits within Laplace-Lagrange secular theory bounds.
Accessing the Explorer
- Click Tools > Invariable Plane Inspector
The explorer opens as a centered overlay modal.
Input Values
The explorer reads orbital parameters live from the running simulation. These values are fetched directly from the simulationβs input variables, so any change you make to a planetβs properties in the simulation is immediately reflected in the explorer.
| Parameter | Source | Used in |
|---|---|---|
| Mass (m) | Simulation input (JPL DE440 mass ratios) | Law 3 and Law 5 weights |
| Semi-major axis (a) | Simulation input (AU) | Law 3 weight β(mΒ·a(1βeΒ²)), Law 5 weight βmΒ·a^(3/2)Β·e |
| Eccentricity (e) | Simulation input (J2000) | Law 3 weight (1βeΒ² term), Law 5 weight (e factor) |
| J2000 inclination (i) | Simulation input (to invariable plane) | Laplace-Lagrange bounds, trend verification |
| Ascending node (Ξ©) | Simulation input (on invariable plane) | Ecliptic trend calculation |
Try it: change Neptuneβs semi-major axis in the simulation, then open the explorer β youβll see the inclination and eccentricity balance percentages update to reflect the new value.
Explorer Controls
Several parameters per planet are adjustable directly within the explorer. Every change triggers immediate recalculation β no βCalculateβ button needed.
| Control | Description |
|---|---|
| Preset dropdown | 766 pre-computed configurations that achieve β₯99.994% inclination balance (the TNO margin), grouped by Jupiter/Saturn scenario |
| Group | Per planet: in-phase (minimum inclination at balanced year) or anti-phase (maximum inclination at balanced year). Saturn is the sole anti-phase planet. |
| Inclination Cycle anchor (Ο) | Per-planet ICRF perihelion longitude at the balanced year. Determined by the anchor position within the Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H). |
| Fibonacci divisor (d) | Per planet: common Fibonacci values (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55) or custom |
| N (ascending node) | Ascending node cycles in 8H. The regression period = β8H/N years. Per-config optimized to minimize ecliptic inclination rate error against JPL trends. |
| Incl. cycle (years) | Inclination oscillation period = ICRF perihelion period. Negative = retrograde ICRF precession. |
Earthβs row is locked: Inclination cycle anchor = 21.77Β°, d = 3, in-phase group. Earthβs amplitude (0.63603Β°) defines Ο directly via Ο = d Γ amplitude Γ βm.
Results
The explorer displays:
| Output | Description |
|---|---|
| Inclination balance (Law 3) | Balance percentage using structural weights w = β(m Β· a(1βeΒ²)) / d |
| Eccentricity balance (Law 5) | Balance percentage using eccentricity weights v = βm Γ a^(3/2) Γ e / βd |
| Per-planet table | Amplitude, mean, range, Laplace-Lagrange verification, ecliptic trend vs JPL, direction match |
| Ο constant | Confirms Ο = d_E Γ amp_E Γ βm_E = 3.3068 Γ 10β»Β³ |
| Ascending node explanation | The ascending node periods (8H/N integers) are fit to JPL trends (cumulative residual ~5.8β³/cy across 7 planets, β0.8β³/cy per planet), with Jupiter/Saturn locked at N=36. The scalar balances (Laws 3 & 5) are the genuine constraints β not the ascending node periods. |
Default Planet Configuration (Config #11)
The modelβs uniquely determined mirror-symmetric configuration:
| Planet | Ecliptic Period | Formula | d | Fibonacci | Group | Mirror partner |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 243,867 | HΓ(8/11) | 21 | Fβ | In-phase | Uranus |
| Venus | 447,089 | β8H/6 (ecliptic-retrograde) | 34 | Fβ | In-phase | Neptune |
| Earth | ~20,957 | H/16 | 3 | Fβ | In-phase | Saturn |
| Mars | 76,644 | HΓ(8/35) | 5 | Fβ | In-phase | Jupiter |
| Jupiter | 67,063 | H/5 | 5 | Fβ | In-phase | Mars |
| Saturn | 41,915 | βH/8 (ecliptic-retrograde) | 3 | Fβ | Anti-phase | Earth |
| Uranus | 111,772 | H/3 | 21 | Fβ | In-phase | Mercury |
| Neptune | 670,634 | 2H | 34 | Fβ | In-phase | Venus |
Expected results: inclination balance 99.9975%, eccentricity balance 99.8632%, Laplace-Lagrange bounds 8/8 pass (within 0.03Β° uncertainty), trend directions 7/7 match.
Experiments to Try
- Change Saturn to in-phase: balance collapses β Saturn must be in the opposite group
- Increase Neptuneβs d from 34 to 55: amplitude decreases, observe effect on balance
- Browse other valid configurations: use the Preset dropdown to compare alternatives
- Find Config #11 (Scenario A): the only configuration with mirror-symmetric d-assignments
For background on the laws and their derivations, see Fibonacci Laws and Fibonacci Laws Derivation.
Solar System Resonance Cycle Panel
An interactive table showing how all planetary cycles β axial precession, ecliptic perihelion, ICRF perihelion, ascending node, obliquity, and eccentricity β divide the Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H = 2,682,536 years) evenly as integer fractions. Access it via Tools > Solar System Resonance Cycle.
What it shows
A grid with all 8 planets Γ 6 cycle types. Each cell shows:
- Years mode: the cycle period in years
- 8H/N mode: the integer divisor (toggle with the Years/8H button)
| Cycle type | What it measures |
|---|---|
| Axial | Spin-axis precession (wobble period) |
| Peri. ecl. | Ecliptic perihelion precession |
| ICRF / Incl. | ICRF perihelion = inclination oscillation cycle |
| Asc. node | Ascending node regression on invariable plane |
| Obliquity | Axial tilt variation period |
| Ecc. cycle | Eccentricity oscillation period |
Earthβs row is highlighted. Venus and Neptune have obliquity cycle = |ICRF perihelion period| (auto-derived; tidally damped) β the two-component formula cancels exactly, producing constant obliquity.
The panel demonstrates a key model claim: every planetary cycle for every planet is an integer divisor of a single super-period (8H), meaning the entire system resets after one Solar System Resonance Cycle.
WebGeoCalc Explorer
Shows the actual observed perihelion-precession history of each planet from JPL NAIF WebGeoCalc (1800β2100), plotted alongside the modelβs own prediction for direct comparison. Access via Tools > WebGeoCalc Explorer.
This is the panel that makes the modelβs Fibonacci perihelion rates checkable against observation. The rates are calibrated to match what JPL reports, not what Laplace-Lagrange secular theory predicts β the Explorer shows this calibration working in real time.
What it shows
Each planet tab presents three charts on the same time axis (1800β2100):
| Chart | Angle | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Longitude of perihelion Ο (primary) | Ο = Ξ© + Ο | Blue line = observed data. Yellow line = the modelβs prediction. The slope of each line is the precession rate in β³/cy. |
| Ascending node Ξ© (collapsible) | Ξ© | Longitude of the ascending node on the ecliptic, measured from the vernal equinox. |
| Argument of periapsis Ο (collapsible) | Ο = Ο β Ξ© | Angle from the ascending node to the perihelion, within the orbital plane. |
The primary chart reports two trends per planet:
- Raw OLS β direct linear regression of Ο(t), affected by short-period oscillations.
- Sin + lin β bias-corrected trend (linear + sinusoid model removes the dominant oscillation). For inner planets (short oscillation periods) both rates agree; for outer planets they differ.
Observed rates (1800β2100 baseline)
| Planet | Observed ΟΜ | Resolvable? | Modelβs Fibonacci period |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | ~572 β³/cy prograde | β | 243,867 yr (HΓ(8/11)) |
| Venus | ~0 β³/cy (flips sign across sub-windows) | β | 447,089 yr (β8H/6) |
| Earth | ~6,186 β³/cy prograde (wrt equinox) | β | H/16 β ~20,957 yr |
| Mars | ~1,600 β³/cy prograde | β | 76,644 yr (HΓ(8/35)) |
| Jupiter | ~1,800 β³/cy prograde (current epoch) | β | 67,063 yr (H/5) |
| Saturn | ~-3,400 β³/cy retrograde | β | 41,915 yr (βH/8) |
| Uranus | ~1,100 β³/cy (current epoch) | β | 111,772 yr (H/3) |
| Neptune | ~200 β³/cy (current epoch) | β | 670,634 yr (2H) |
The five un-determined planets (Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) have perihelion oscillation periods longer than the 126-year observational baseline. A linear fit over the window picks up oscillation noise rather than the long-term trend, and the apparent slope flips sign across sub-windows (1800β1900, 1900β2026, 2026β2100). Their signs are inherited from Laskar-style million-year secular integrations. Only Mercury and Mars have trends cleanly resolvable from direct observation.
Earth is omitted from the tabs because its ecliptic inclination is zero by definition (the ecliptic is Earthβs orbital plane), so its ascending node Ξ© is numerically undefined. The reference WebGeoCalc charts also omit Earth.
Frame note: All three angles (Ξ©, Ο, Ο) are measured in the ecliptic-of-date frame β the plane of Earthβs orbit at the instantaneous epoch. The ecliptic itself precesses with respect to the ICRF (inertial J2000) at ~β5,028.8 β³/cy (general precession, period H/13). The model anchors its Fibonacci structure in the ICRF and derives ecliptic rates from there; the Explorer shows the date-frame, which is what the model is calibrated to match.
Why it matters
The Holistic Universe Modelβs Fibonacci perihelion rates (e.g., Mercury H Γ 8/11, Saturn βH/8) are calibrated to match WebGeoCalc observations directly, not textbook secular-theory predictions. For Saturn specifically, standard first-order Laplace-Lagrange theory predicts prograde precession (~+1,867 β³/cy in the diagonal A_ii approximation); WebGeoCalc reports retrograde ~-3,400 β³/cy. The modelβs H/8 retrograde matches observation to ~10%; first-order secular theory has the wrong sign.
Standard astronomy explains Saturnβs retrograde observation as a transient phase of the Jupiter-Saturn 5:2 near-resonance (βGreat Inequalityβ), with an expected reversal within ~450 years. The Holistic Universe Model treats the retrograde as permanent structural behavior because ICRF, not the ecliptic, is the stable reference frame. Long-baseline JPL DE441 integrations (13,000 BC β 17,000 AD) can in principle distinguish these hypotheses.
For the full technical discussion β including why ecliptic-only first-order L-L fails structurally and why a two-frame (ICRF + ecliptic) treatment succeeds β see the WebGeoCalc Explorer referenceΒ and Mercury Precession BreakdownΒ on GitHub.
Orbital Forcing Formula Explorer
Plots the modelβs 8H Orbital Forcing Formula β a 26-component fit on integer divisors of 8H = 2,682,536 years (RΒ² = 0.238) β directly on top of the LR04 benthic δ¹βΈO stack (Lisiecki & Raymo 2005). Access via Tools > Orbital Forcing Formula.
What it shows
Five tabs span the full LR04 record plus a forward projection:
| Tab | Window | Highlights |
|---|---|---|
| Full LR04 | 0β5,320 kyr BP | Pre-MPT 41-kyr-band dominant β post-MPT 100-kyr-band dominant. Climate-system transition markers (iNHG β 2.7 Ma BC, MPT β 1 Ma BC) overlaid. |
| Post-MPT ext | 0β1,200 kyr BP | Through the MPT transition. |
| Post-MPT | 0β700 kyr BP | ~7 glacial-interglacial cycles. |
| Last 200 kyr | 0β200 kyr BP | High-resolution recent record; LGM and MIS 6 visible. |
| Forward projection | β250 to +250 kyr | Past LR04 + future formula extrapolation with predicted phase transitions: peak warmth (~7,700 AD), glacial onset (~40,000 AD), and subsequent glacial peaks through ~196,500 AD. |
LR04 plotted in blue; the 8H formula in yellow. The x-axis runs past β future (today = 2000 AD) with calendar-year labels (BC for past, AD for future). Known past events (LGM, MIS 6/8/10/11) are marked at the bottom of past-window charts.
Why it matters
The formula captures only the orbital-forcing component of climate (~24 % of LR04 variance); the remaining ~76 % comes from non-orbital climate-system response (ice-sheet hysteresis, COβ feedbacks). The Explorer makes this visible: on the Full LR04 tab, the formulaβs stationary amplitudes contrast with LR04βs growing volatility from Pliocene to Pleistocene β orbital forcing didnβt change, but climate sensitivity did (MPT crossed an ice-sheet hysteresis threshold). On the Forward projection tab, the predicted phase transitions show when the orbital clock makes glaciation possible; the actual surface-temperature response can lag by thousands of years and is not modelled. See the full background on the Orbital Forcing Formula page and the technical record at doc 17 on GitHubΒ .
Formula Verification
Compares the modelβs predictions against published closed-form formulas from celestial-mechanics literature β Meeus, Chapront, Capitaine, VondrΓ‘k, Laskar, Berger, Peters, Harkness. Access via Tools > Formula Verification.
This is the analytical twin of the WebGeoCalc Explorer. Where WebGeoCalc compares the model against observed JPL data (1800β2100), Formula Verification compares the model against published analytical formulas (over a Β±12,000-year window). Together they validate the model from two independent directions: does it match what JPL measures, and does it match what textbook celestial mechanics predicts?
What it shows
Nine categories are available, one per quantity. The panelβs dropdown / arrow navigation lets you step through them:
| # | Category | Unit | References used |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Eccentricity | β | Meeus 1991, Berger 1978 (Milankovitch), Laskar La2004 |
| 2 | Obliquity | Β° | Chapront 2002, Laskar 1986, Capitaine 2006, Berger 1978, La2004 |
| 3 | Inclination to Invariable Plane | Β° | Laskar La2010 |
| 4 | Ascending Node on Invariable Plane | Β° | Laskar La2010 |
| 5 | Longitude of Perihelion | Β° | Meeus 1991 (Simon 1994), Laskar La2004 |
| 6 | Tropical Year | days | Laskar 1986 |
| 7 | Solar Day Length | seconds | Peters 2010 |
| 8 | Sidereal Year | days | Chapront 2002 |
| 9 | Axial Precession Period | years | Capitaine 2003, VondrΓ‘k 2011 |
Each category also shows observed J2000 values (NASA/JPL, IAU, Souami & Souchay 2012) in the comparison table so the reader can see where observed reality sits relative to both the model and the published formulas.
Chart layout
Every category opens a three-section pane:
| Section | Contents |
|---|---|
| Main chart (upper) | Model curve (amber) plus every reference formula (various colours) plotted on a β12,000 BC to +12,000 AD axis, with a dashed J2000 gridline. |
| Residual chart (lower) | reference β model for each reference, in an appropriate residual unit (arcseconds, seconds, milliseconds, degrees, or AU depending on the quantity). The dark grey zero-line makes agreement vs divergence immediately visible. |
| J2000 comparison table | Three columns: formula name (with a link to the published source), value at J2000 in the categoryβs unit, and Ξ vs the model. |
A βMax differenceβ line under the residual chart reports the actual gap at β12,000 BC and +12,000 AD between the model and the primary reference, in both the residual unit and the base unit.
Reference formula catalogue
The panel implements three classes of reference formula:
| Class | Validity | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Polynomial | ~Β±5,000 years around J2000 | Meeus 1991, Chapront 2002, Capitaine 2003, Harkness 1891, Peters 2010, Laskar 1986 |
| Trigonometric series | ~Β±250,000 years | Berger 1978 (eccentricity, obliquity), VondrΓ‘k 2011 (axial precession) |
| Tabulated N-body integrations | La2004: Β±250,000 yr La2010: β500,000 yr β J2000 | Laskar et al. 2004 and 2011 β linearly interpolated with 360Β°-wrap handling |
Reference polynomials become unreliable outside their stated validity window β the panel plots them anyway (with a range note) so the reader can see why N-body solutions are needed at long range.
Export for Paper
Two buttons in the header produce publication-grade SVG exports:
- Export for Paper β renders the current category over the default Β±12,000 yr range as a clean SVG without UI chrome.
- Export Cycles β for eccentricity and obliquity only: extends the baseline to β248,000 BC β +102,000 AD to show the modelβs long-term oscillation cycles against Laskar La2004 over multiple glacial cycles.
What a user sees at different time scales
| Scale | What happens |
|---|---|
| Century-scale (Β±100 yr) | Model agrees with Meeus, Chapront, Capitaine polynomials at the J2000-value level to a few arcseconds / sub-second time units. Curves indistinguishable in the main chart. |
| Millennial-scale (Β±5,000 yr) | Model still tracks the polynomial references closely. Residuals grow but stay within the polynomialsβ stated validity. |
| Ten-kyr-scale (Β±12,000 yr) | Polynomial references start to diverge (they were fit for a narrow window). The model tracks Laskarβs La2004/La2010 N-body integrations, the only references valid at this range. |
| 100-kyr-scale (Export Cycles) | The modelβs Fibonacci eccentricity and obliquity cycles are compared directly against Laskarβs full N-body integration across several glacial cycles β where Milankovitch features appear. |
Earth-only. All nine categories describe Earth quantities (Earthβs orbit + Earthβs spin axis). Per-planet validation against JPL observations lives in the WebGeoCalc Explorer instead.
For the full technical reference β including the exact list of formulas, colour coding, and code locations β see the Formula Verification referenceΒ on GitHub.
IAU Reference Values
The analysis tools compare measured simulation values against these IAU J2000 reference values:
| Measurement | IAU J2000 Value |
|---|---|
| Tropical Year (March Equinox) | 365.242374 days |
| Tropical Year (June Solstice) | 365.241626 days |
| Tropical Year (September Equinox) | 365.242018 days |
| Tropical Year (December Solstice) | 365.242740 days |
| Tropical Year (Mean) | 365.242189 days |
| Anomalistic Year | 365.259636 days |
| Sidereal Year | 365.256363 days |
| IAU Precession Period | 25,771.57 years |
Tips
- List Mode: Use comma-separated years for non-consecutive analysis (e.g.,
2000, 2025, 2050, 2100) - Console: Always open Developer Tools (F12) before running console tests
- Validation: Compare measured output against IAU references to verify model accuracy
- Export Format: All exports use Excel format (.xlsx)
Return to the 3D Simulation Guide or explore Mathematical Foundations for the underlying calculations.