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πŸ“„ Fibonacci Laws β€” Read the paper
3D SimulationAnalysis & Export

Analysis & Export Tools

The 3D Simulation includes powerful tools for generating reports, exporting data, and validating measurements against IAU reference values.

All values are measured, not calculated from formulas. Every value produced by these analysis tools β€” year lengths, day lengths, precession periods, orbital parameters β€” is measured directly from the running 3D simulation using objective functions (e.g., detecting equinox crossings, perihelion passages, stellar reference alignments). No analytical formula is used to produce these outputs.

Measurements come first, formulas second. The analytical formulas on the Formulas page were derived from these simulation measurements β€” not the other way around. The 3D model produces the raw data; the analytical formulas were then derived to reproduce that data. This means the analysis tools provide an independent check on the model’s geometric framework.

Validated against 623 historical observations. The simulation has been tested against 623 independently recorded astronomical events spanning approximately 2000 BC to 4000 AD β€” including solstice and equinox dates, perihelion passages, and eclipse timings. Each entry has accuracy standards that vary by epoch: Β±1 day for ancient observations, Β±1 hour for medieval records, and Β±1 minute for modern measurements. See the verification data referenceΒ  on GitHub for the full dataset.

The simulation source code is openly available on GitHubΒ . Readers are invited to inspect how each measurement is implemented.

Launch the 3D Simulation β†’Β 


Location in the UI

Analysis tools are spread across two Tweakpane folders:

Reports β”œβ”€β”€ Planet Positions & Orbits (export RA/Dec, distances at specific Julian dates) β”œβ”€β”€ Solstices & Equinoxes (export solstice/equinox dates with RA and obliquity) └── Year Length Analysis (export tropical, anomalistic, sidereal year lengths) Tools β”œβ”€β”€ Planet Inspector (interactive 5-step orbital hierarchy modal) β”œβ”€β”€ Eccentricity Balance Scale (Law 5 balance visualization per planet) β”œβ”€β”€ Invariable Plane Inspector (Fibonacci d-value and phase group balance explorer) β”œβ”€β”€ Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H integer divisor table for all planets Γ— 6 cycles) β”œβ”€β”€ WebGeoCalc Explorer (observed perihelion-precession history per planet, 1800–2100) β”œβ”€β”€ Formula Verification (model vs published celestial-mechanics formulas, Β±12,000 years) └── Console Tests (F12) β”œβ”€β”€ Year Length (6 tests) β”œβ”€β”€ Day Length (3 tests) └── Calibration (4 tests)

Planet Inspector

An interactive 5-step modal that walks through the orbital hierarchy of any planet. Access it via Tools > Planet Inspector.

What it shows

StepContents
1Planet selection and overview (mass, diameter, orbital period)
2Hierarchy breakdown β€” every container from scene root to planet mesh, with live rotation/position values
3Orbital elements β€” eccentricity, inclination, ascending node, argument of perihelion
4Live RA/Dec, distances (Earth→planet, Sun→planet), and anomalies
5Position Reports β€” download Excel or copy data for configured test dates per planet

The Position Report (Step 5) exports the planet’s measured positions at a set of reference dates defined in the source code (PLANET_TEST_DATES). This is useful for comparing the simulation against ephemeris data.

All values shown in the Planet Inspector are live β€” they update as the simulation runs. Pause the simulation first if you need stable readings.


Eccentricity Balance Scale

An interactive visualization showing how planetary eccentricities form a physical balance system (Law 5). Access it via Tools > Eccentricity Balance Scale.

What it shows

For a selected target planet, the tool computes how the other 7 planets’ eccentricities collectively balance its base eccentricity. Each planet’s contribution is determined by:

Wj=mjmtargetΓ—dtargetdjΓ—ajatargetW_j = \sqrt{\frac{m_j}{m_{\text{target}}} \times \frac{d_{\text{target}}}{d_j} \times \frac{a_j}{a_{\text{target}}}}

where mm is mass, dd is Fibonacci divisor, and aa is semi-major axis.

ElementDescription
Waterfall SVGGreen bars (positive push) and red bars (negative pull) showing each planet’s contribution
Buildup tableMass, d, offset (AU), weight, contribution, and share (%) per planet
Planet navigationFull-width nav bar with dropdown and left/right arrows

Key insights visible in the tool

  • Saturn (sole anti-phase member) sits alone on one side; the other 7 planets (in-phase group) balance it
  • Jupiter’s weight β‰ˆ 1 for Saturn: mass advantage (3.3Γ—) cancelled by Fibonacci (0.6Γ—) and distance (0.55Γ—)
  • Inner planet eccentricities are tiny residuals of enormous gas giant tug-of-war (Earth: Saturn pushes +15 AU, other giants pull back βˆ’15 AU, residual = 0.015 AU)
  • Venus has the most complete cancellation: gas giants balance to 99.99%

The balance uses base eccentricities β€” the long-term mean values around which each planet’s eccentricity oscillates. These differ from J2000 values (e.g., Earth: base = 0.015386 vs J2000 = 0.01671022).


Year Analysis Report

Generates a comprehensive Excel file with year-by-year astronomical measurements, all derived from the running 3D simulation.

Controls

ControlDescription
ModeRange or List - how years are specified
Year list (CSV)Comma-separated years (List mode)
Start yearFirst year (Range mode)
End yearLast year (Range mode)
Create fileTrigger report generation

Output Sheets

The exported Excel file contains 5 sheets:

SheetContents
SummaryOrbital parameters, tropical/sidereal/anomalistic year comparisons with IAU references
Cardinal PointsYear-by-year Julian Day data for VE, SS, AE, WS
AnomalisticPerihelion and aphelion dates and distances
SiderealSidereal year crossings
DetailedAll measurements combined per year

Use Cases

  • Validate model accuracy against IAU J2000 values
  • Analyze year length variations over time
  • Study tropical vs sidereal year relationships
  • Verify precession measurements

Performance note: Large year ranges can take several minutes. Progress updates appear in the console (F12).


Solstice File Export

Exports June solstice data for a range of years.

ControlDescription
ModeRange or List
Start/End yearYear range (Range mode)
Year list (CSV)Specific years (List mode)
Create fileTrigger export

Output columns: For each year, the Excel file contains:

ColumnDescription
YearCalendar year
June Solstice JDJulian Day of the measured June solstice
Obliquity (Β°)Measured axial tilt at the solstice moment
Sun RARight Ascension of the Sun at solstice
Sun DecDeclination of the Sun at solstice

All values are measured from the 3D scene β€” the simulation fast-forwards to each solstice and reads the geometry.


Object File Export

Exports measured planet positions from the simulation at specified Julian Days.

ControlDescription
ModeRange or List
Start/End JDJulian Day range (Range mode), with number of sample points
JD list (CSV)Specific Julian Days (List mode)
Create fileTrigger export

Output columns: For each Julian Day and each planet, the Excel file contains:

ColumnDescription
Julian DayThe epoch
RARight Ascension (measured from 3D scene)
DecDeclination (measured from 3D scene)
Distance (AU)Earth-to-planet distance
Sun Distance (AU)Sun-to-planet distance

This is useful for comparing the simulation’s geocentric positions against JPL Horizons or other ephemeris services.


Console Tests (F12)

Runs detailed astronomical validation tests with output to the browser’s Developer Console.

Setup

  1. Open Developer Tools (F12)
  2. Open Tools > Console Tests (F12)
  3. Set the year range
  4. Click a test button

Available Tests

Year Length Analysis

TestDescription
Analyze Year at June SolsticeMeasures tropical year length at June solstice
Analyze Year at December SolsticeMeasures tropical year length at December solstice
Analyze Year Length by CardinalMeasures all 4 cardinal points
Analyze Anomalistic YearMeasures perihelion-to-perihelion interval
Analyze Sidereal YearMeasures Sun’s return to same stellar position
Analyze All AlignmentsCombined measurement analysis

Day Length Analysis

TestDescription
Analyze Sidereal DayMeasures Earth’s rotation period relative to stars
Analyze Solar DayMeasures Earth’s rotation period relative to Sun
Analyze Stellar DayMeasures Earth’s rotation period relative to distant stars

Parameter Verification

TestDescription
Verify Obliquity CalibrationTests whether earthtiltMean and earthRAAngle produce the correct obliquity at J2000
Verify Perihelion RateValidates the measured perihelion precession rate against the expected H/16 period
Investigate ParametersSensitivity analysis β€” shows how small changes to model constants affect outputs
Find Optimal earthRAAngleOptimization algorithm that searches for the earthRAAngle value producing the best match to observed precession rates

Example Output

══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ TROPICAL YEAR ANALYSIS (VERNAL EQUINOX) ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════ Year range: 2000 to 2025 Year VE Julian Day Interval (days) IAU Ref (days) Diff (seconds) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── 2001 2451991.234567 365.242374 365.242374 +0.12 2002 2452356.477891 365.243324 365.242374 +82.15 SUMMARY: Mean tropical year: 365.242374 days IAU J2000 reference: 365.242374 days Difference: +0.05 seconds Status: βœ“ PASS (within Β±1 second tolerance)

Invariable Plane Validation

This validation shows whether the simulation’s invariable plane matches the reference orientation from Souami & Souchay (2012).

Read-only displays:

MetricExpected value
Calculated Tilt1.57869Β° (Souami & Souchay 2012)
Calculated Ascending Node~107.582Β°
Jupiter Angular Momentum58–62%
Saturn Angular Momentum23–26%
A vs B Difference< 0.5Β°

The panel also shows the current height above or below the invariable plane (in AU) for each of the 8 major planets.


Balance Trend Tracking

Tracks the invariable plane balance over time as the simulation runs.

ControlDescription
Start TrackingBegin recording mass-weighted balance samples each frame
Stop TrackingPause recording
Reset TrackingClear all samples (use after jumping to a new date)

Live metrics displayed:

MetricDescription
Years TrackedDuration of tracking window
Sample CountNumber of recorded samples
Cumulative SumRunning total of mass-weighted balance
Lifetime Avg (AU)Should converge toward ~0 over 165+ years (one full Neptune orbit)
Min / Max Seen (AU)Extremes during tracking

The Lifetime Average is the key validation metric β€” if the invariable plane is correctly positioned, the mass-weighted deviations should cancel out over a full outer-planet cycle.


Invariable Plane Balance Explorer

An interactive modal for testing planetary phase group assignments and Fibonacci divisors against the Fibonacci Laws of Planetary Motion. It provides instant visual feedback on whether a given configuration satisfies the inclination balance (Law 3), eccentricity balance (Law 5), and fits within Laplace-Lagrange secular theory bounds.

Accessing the Explorer

  1. Click Tools > Invariable Plane Inspector

The explorer opens as a centered overlay modal.

Input Values

The explorer reads orbital parameters live from the running simulation. These values are fetched directly from the simulation’s input variables, so any change you make to a planet’s properties in the simulation is immediately reflected in the explorer.

ParameterSourceUsed in
Mass (m)Simulation input (JPL DE440 mass ratios)Law 3 and Law 5 weights
Semi-major axis (a)Simulation input (AU)Law 3 weight √(mΒ·a(1βˆ’eΒ²)), Law 5 weight √mΒ·a^(3/2)Β·e
Eccentricity (e)Simulation input (J2000)Law 3 weight (1βˆ’eΒ² term), Law 5 weight (e factor)
J2000 inclination (i)Simulation input (to invariable plane)Laplace-Lagrange bounds, trend verification
Ascending node (Ξ©)Simulation input (on invariable plane)Ecliptic trend calculation

Try it: change Neptune’s semi-major axis in the simulation, then open the explorer β€” you’ll see the inclination and eccentricity balance percentages update to reflect the new value.

Explorer Controls

Several parameters per planet are adjustable directly within the explorer. Every change triggers immediate recalculation β€” no β€œCalculate” button needed.

ControlDescription
Preset dropdown766 pre-computed configurations that achieve β‰₯99.994% inclination balance (the TNO margin), grouped by Jupiter/Saturn scenario
GroupPer planet: in-phase (minimum inclination at balanced year) or anti-phase (maximum inclination at balanced year). Saturn is the sole anti-phase planet.
Inclination Cycle anchor (Ο†)Per-planet ICRF perihelion longitude at the balanced year. Determined by the anchor position within the Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H).
Fibonacci divisor (d)Per planet: common Fibonacci values (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55) or custom
N (ascending node)Ascending node cycles in 8H. The regression period = βˆ’8H/N years. Per-config optimized to minimize ecliptic inclination rate error against JPL trends.
Incl. cycle (years)Inclination oscillation period = ICRF perihelion period. Negative = retrograde ICRF precession.

Earth’s row is locked: Inclination cycle anchor = 21.77Β°, d = 3, in-phase group. Earth’s amplitude (0.63603Β°) defines ψ directly via ψ = d Γ— amplitude Γ— √m.

Results

The explorer displays:

OutputDescription
Inclination balance (Law 3)Balance percentage using structural weights w = √(m Β· a(1βˆ’eΒ²)) / d
Eccentricity balance (Law 5)Balance percentage using eccentricity weights v = √m Γ— a^(3/2) Γ— e / √d
Per-planet tableAmplitude, mean, range, Laplace-Lagrange verification, ecliptic trend vs JPL, direction match
ψ constantConfirms ψ = d_E Γ— amp_E Γ— √m_E = 3.3068 Γ— 10⁻³
Ascending node explanationThe ascending node periods (8H/N integers) are fit to JPL trends (cumulative residual ~5.8β€³/cy across 7 planets, β‰ˆ0.8β€³/cy per planet), with Jupiter/Saturn locked at N=36. The scalar balances (Laws 3 & 5) are the genuine constraints β€” not the ascending node periods.

Default Planet Configuration (Config #11)

The model’s uniquely determined mirror-symmetric configuration:

PlanetEcliptic PeriodFormuladFibonacciGroupMirror partner
Mercury243,867HΓ—(8/11)21Fβ‚ˆIn-phaseUranus
Venus447,089βˆ’8H/6 (ecliptic-retrograde)34F₉In-phaseNeptune
Earth~20,957H/163Fβ‚„In-phaseSaturn
Mars76,644HΓ—(8/35)5Fβ‚…In-phaseJupiter
Jupiter67,063H/55Fβ‚…In-phaseMars
Saturn41,915βˆ’H/8 (ecliptic-retrograde)3Fβ‚„Anti-phaseEarth
Uranus111,772H/321Fβ‚ˆIn-phaseMercury
Neptune670,6342H34F₉In-phaseVenus

Expected results: inclination balance 99.9975%, eccentricity balance 99.8632%, Laplace-Lagrange bounds 8/8 pass (within 0.03Β° uncertainty), trend directions 7/7 match.

Experiments to Try

  • Change Saturn to in-phase: balance collapses β€” Saturn must be in the opposite group
  • Increase Neptune’s d from 34 to 55: amplitude decreases, observe effect on balance
  • Browse other valid configurations: use the Preset dropdown to compare alternatives
  • Find Config #11 (Scenario A): the only configuration with mirror-symmetric d-assignments

For background on the laws and their derivations, see Fibonacci Laws and Fibonacci Laws Derivation.


Solar System Resonance Cycle Panel

An interactive table showing how all planetary cycles β€” axial precession, ecliptic perihelion, ICRF perihelion, ascending node, obliquity, and eccentricity β€” divide the Solar System Resonance Cycle (8H = 2,682,536 years) evenly as integer fractions. Access it via Tools > Solar System Resonance Cycle.

What it shows

A grid with all 8 planets Γ— 6 cycle types. Each cell shows:

  • Years mode: the cycle period in years
  • 8H/N mode: the integer divisor (toggle with the Years/8H button)
Cycle typeWhat it measures
AxialSpin-axis precession (wobble period)
Peri. ecl.Ecliptic perihelion precession
ICRF / Incl.ICRF perihelion = inclination oscillation cycle
Asc. nodeAscending node regression on invariable plane
ObliquityAxial tilt variation period
Ecc. cycleEccentricity oscillation period

Earth’s row is highlighted. Venus and Neptune have obliquity cycle = |ICRF perihelion period| (auto-derived; tidally damped) β€” the two-component formula cancels exactly, producing constant obliquity.

The panel demonstrates a key model claim: every planetary cycle for every planet is an integer divisor of a single super-period (8H), meaning the entire system resets after one Solar System Resonance Cycle.


WebGeoCalc Explorer

Shows the actual observed perihelion-precession history of each planet from JPL NAIF WebGeoCalc (1800–2100), plotted alongside the model’s own prediction for direct comparison. Access via Tools > WebGeoCalc Explorer.

This is the panel that makes the model’s Fibonacci perihelion rates checkable against observation. The rates are calibrated to match what JPL reports, not what Laplace-Lagrange secular theory predicts β€” the Explorer shows this calibration working in real time.

What it shows

Each planet tab presents three charts on the same time axis (1800–2100):

ChartAngleDescription
Longitude of perihelion Ο– (primary)Ο– = Ξ© + Ο‰Blue line = observed data. Yellow line = the model’s prediction. The slope of each line is the precession rate in β€³/cy.
Ascending node Ξ© (collapsible)Ξ©Longitude of the ascending node on the ecliptic, measured from the vernal equinox.
Argument of periapsis Ο‰ (collapsible)Ο‰ = Ο– βˆ’ Ξ©Angle from the ascending node to the perihelion, within the orbital plane.

The primary chart reports two trends per planet:

  • Raw OLS β€” direct linear regression of Ο–(t), affected by short-period oscillations.
  • Sin + lin β€” bias-corrected trend (linear + sinusoid model removes the dominant oscillation). For inner planets (short oscillation periods) both rates agree; for outer planets they differ.

Observed rates (1800–2100 baseline)

PlanetObserved Ο–Μ‡Resolvable?Model’s Fibonacci period
Mercury~572 β€³/cy progradeβœ“243,867 yr (HΓ—(8/11))
Venus~0 β€³/cy (flips sign across sub-windows)βœ—447,089 yr (βˆ’8H/6)
Earth~6,186 β€³/cy prograde (wrt equinox)βœ“H/16 β‰ˆ ~20,957 yr
Mars~1,600 β€³/cy progradeβœ“76,644 yr (HΓ—(8/35))
Jupiter~1,800 β€³/cy prograde (current epoch)βœ—67,063 yr (H/5)
Saturn~-3,400 β€³/cy retrogradeβœ—41,915 yr (βˆ’H/8)
Uranus~1,100 β€³/cy (current epoch)βœ—111,772 yr (H/3)
Neptune~200 β€³/cy (current epoch)βœ—670,634 yr (2H)

The five un-determined planets (Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) have perihelion oscillation periods longer than the 126-year observational baseline. A linear fit over the window picks up oscillation noise rather than the long-term trend, and the apparent slope flips sign across sub-windows (1800–1900, 1900–2026, 2026–2100). Their signs are inherited from Laskar-style million-year secular integrations. Only Mercury and Mars have trends cleanly resolvable from direct observation.

Earth is omitted from the tabs because its ecliptic inclination is zero by definition (the ecliptic is Earth’s orbital plane), so its ascending node Ξ© is numerically undefined. The reference WebGeoCalc charts also omit Earth.

Frame note: All three angles (Ξ©, Ο‰, Ο–) are measured in the ecliptic-of-date frame β€” the plane of Earth’s orbit at the instantaneous epoch. The ecliptic itself precesses with respect to the ICRF (inertial J2000) at ~βˆ’5,028.8 β€³/cy (general precession, period H/13). The model anchors its Fibonacci structure in the ICRF and derives ecliptic rates from there; the Explorer shows the date-frame, which is what the model is calibrated to match.

Why it matters

The Holistic Universe Model’s Fibonacci perihelion rates (e.g., Mercury H Γ— 8/11, Saturn βˆ’H/8) are calibrated to match WebGeoCalc observations directly, not textbook secular-theory predictions. For Saturn specifically, standard first-order Laplace-Lagrange theory predicts prograde precession (~+1,867 β€³/cy in the diagonal A_ii approximation); WebGeoCalc reports retrograde ~-3,400 β€³/cy. The model’s H/8 retrograde matches observation to ~10%; first-order secular theory has the wrong sign.

Standard astronomy explains Saturn’s retrograde observation as a transient phase of the Jupiter-Saturn 5:2 near-resonance (β€œGreat Inequality”), with an expected reversal within ~450 years. The Holistic Universe Model treats the retrograde as permanent structural behavior because ICRF, not the ecliptic, is the stable reference frame. Long-baseline JPL DE441 integrations (13,000 BC β†’ 17,000 AD) can in principle distinguish these hypotheses.

For the full technical discussion β€” including why ecliptic-only first-order L-L fails structurally and why a two-frame (ICRF + ecliptic) treatment succeeds β€” see the WebGeoCalc Explorer referenceΒ  and Mercury Precession BreakdownΒ  on GitHub.


Orbital Forcing Formula Explorer

Plots the model’s 8H Orbital Forcing Formula β€” a 26-component fit on integer divisors of 8H = 2,682,536 years (RΒ² = 0.238) β€” directly on top of the LR04 benthic δ¹⁸O stack (Lisiecki & Raymo 2005). Access via Tools > Orbital Forcing Formula.

What it shows

Five tabs span the full LR04 record plus a forward projection:

TabWindowHighlights
Full LR040–5,320 kyr BPPre-MPT 41-kyr-band dominant ↔ post-MPT 100-kyr-band dominant. Climate-system transition markers (iNHG β‰ˆ 2.7 Ma BC, MPT β‰ˆ 1 Ma BC) overlaid.
Post-MPT ext0–1,200 kyr BPThrough the MPT transition.
Post-MPT0–700 kyr BP~7 glacial-interglacial cycles.
Last 200 kyr0–200 kyr BPHigh-resolution recent record; LGM and MIS 6 visible.
Forward projectionβˆ’250 to +250 kyrPast LR04 + future formula extrapolation with predicted phase transitions: peak warmth (~7,700 AD), glacial onset (~40,000 AD), and subsequent glacial peaks through ~196,500 AD.

LR04 plotted in blue; the 8H formula in yellow. The x-axis runs past β†’ future (today = 2000 AD) with calendar-year labels (BC for past, AD for future). Known past events (LGM, MIS 6/8/10/11) are marked at the bottom of past-window charts.

Why it matters

The formula captures only the orbital-forcing component of climate (~24 % of LR04 variance); the remaining ~76 % comes from non-orbital climate-system response (ice-sheet hysteresis, COβ‚‚ feedbacks). The Explorer makes this visible: on the Full LR04 tab, the formula’s stationary amplitudes contrast with LR04’s growing volatility from Pliocene to Pleistocene β€” orbital forcing didn’t change, but climate sensitivity did (MPT crossed an ice-sheet hysteresis threshold). On the Forward projection tab, the predicted phase transitions show when the orbital clock makes glaciation possible; the actual surface-temperature response can lag by thousands of years and is not modelled. See the full background on the Orbital Forcing Formula page and the technical record at doc 17 on GitHubΒ .


Formula Verification

Compares the model’s predictions against published closed-form formulas from celestial-mechanics literature β€” Meeus, Chapront, Capitaine, VondrΓ‘k, Laskar, Berger, Peters, Harkness. Access via Tools > Formula Verification.

This is the analytical twin of the WebGeoCalc Explorer. Where WebGeoCalc compares the model against observed JPL data (1800–2100), Formula Verification compares the model against published analytical formulas (over a Β±12,000-year window). Together they validate the model from two independent directions: does it match what JPL measures, and does it match what textbook celestial mechanics predicts?

What it shows

Nine categories are available, one per quantity. The panel’s dropdown / arrow navigation lets you step through them:

#CategoryUnitReferences used
1Eccentricityβ€”Meeus 1991, Berger 1978 (Milankovitch), Laskar La2004
2ObliquityΒ°Chapront 2002, Laskar 1986, Capitaine 2006, Berger 1978, La2004
3Inclination to Invariable PlaneΒ°Laskar La2010
4Ascending Node on Invariable PlaneΒ°Laskar La2010
5Longitude of PerihelionΒ°Meeus 1991 (Simon 1994), Laskar La2004
6Tropical YeardaysLaskar 1986
7Solar Day LengthsecondsPeters 2010
8Sidereal YeardaysChapront 2002
9Axial Precession PeriodyearsCapitaine 2003, VondrΓ‘k 2011

Each category also shows observed J2000 values (NASA/JPL, IAU, Souami & Souchay 2012) in the comparison table so the reader can see where observed reality sits relative to both the model and the published formulas.

Chart layout

Every category opens a three-section pane:

SectionContents
Main chart (upper)Model curve (amber) plus every reference formula (various colours) plotted on a βˆ’12,000 BC to +12,000 AD axis, with a dashed J2000 gridline.
Residual chart (lower)reference βˆ’ model for each reference, in an appropriate residual unit (arcseconds, seconds, milliseconds, degrees, or AU depending on the quantity). The dark grey zero-line makes agreement vs divergence immediately visible.
J2000 comparison tableThree columns: formula name (with a link to the published source), value at J2000 in the category’s unit, and Ξ” vs the model.

A β€œMax difference” line under the residual chart reports the actual gap at βˆ’12,000 BC and +12,000 AD between the model and the primary reference, in both the residual unit and the base unit.

Reference formula catalogue

The panel implements three classes of reference formula:

ClassValidityExamples
Polynomial~Β±5,000 years around J2000Meeus 1991, Chapront 2002, Capitaine 2003, Harkness 1891, Peters 2010, Laskar 1986
Trigonometric series~Β±250,000 yearsBerger 1978 (eccentricity, obliquity), VondrΓ‘k 2011 (axial precession)
Tabulated N-body integrationsLa2004: Β±250,000 yr
La2010: βˆ’500,000 yr β†’ J2000
Laskar et al. 2004 and 2011 β€” linearly interpolated with 360Β°-wrap handling

Reference polynomials become unreliable outside their stated validity window β€” the panel plots them anyway (with a range note) so the reader can see why N-body solutions are needed at long range.

Export for Paper

Two buttons in the header produce publication-grade SVG exports:

  • Export for Paper β€” renders the current category over the default Β±12,000 yr range as a clean SVG without UI chrome.
  • Export Cycles β€” for eccentricity and obliquity only: extends the baseline to βˆ’248,000 BC β†’ +102,000 AD to show the model’s long-term oscillation cycles against Laskar La2004 over multiple glacial cycles.

What a user sees at different time scales

ScaleWhat happens
Century-scale (Β±100 yr)Model agrees with Meeus, Chapront, Capitaine polynomials at the J2000-value level to a few arcseconds / sub-second time units. Curves indistinguishable in the main chart.
Millennial-scale (Β±5,000 yr)Model still tracks the polynomial references closely. Residuals grow but stay within the polynomials’ stated validity.
Ten-kyr-scale (Β±12,000 yr)Polynomial references start to diverge (they were fit for a narrow window). The model tracks Laskar’s La2004/La2010 N-body integrations, the only references valid at this range.
100-kyr-scale (Export Cycles)The model’s Fibonacci eccentricity and obliquity cycles are compared directly against Laskar’s full N-body integration across several glacial cycles β€” where Milankovitch features appear.

Earth-only. All nine categories describe Earth quantities (Earth’s orbit + Earth’s spin axis). Per-planet validation against JPL observations lives in the WebGeoCalc Explorer instead.

For the full technical reference β€” including the exact list of formulas, colour coding, and code locations β€” see the Formula Verification referenceΒ  on GitHub.


IAU Reference Values

The analysis tools compare measured simulation values against these IAU J2000 reference values:

MeasurementIAU J2000 Value
Tropical Year (March Equinox)365.242374 days
Tropical Year (June Solstice)365.241626 days
Tropical Year (September Equinox)365.242018 days
Tropical Year (December Solstice)365.242740 days
Tropical Year (Mean)365.242189 days
Anomalistic Year365.259636 days
Sidereal Year365.256363 days
IAU Precession Period25,771.57 years

Tips

  1. List Mode: Use comma-separated years for non-consecutive analysis (e.g., 2000, 2025, 2050, 2100)
  2. Console: Always open Developer Tools (F12) before running console tests
  3. Validation: Compare measured output against IAU references to verify model accuracy
  4. Export Format: All exports use Excel format (.xlsx)

Return to the 3D Simulation Guide or explore Mathematical Foundations for the underlying calculations.

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